當前很多燃氣內(nèi)燃機的技術(shù)也依然受制于國外廠家，一旦出現(xiàn)大故障必須返廠維修，這大大影響了能源站的正常供能，同時也將維修成本提高了一個檔次。看來國產(chǎn)機組不出頭，布局再多的分布式內(nèi)燃機，也只是給自己多埋了坑。再次感悟科學(xué)技術(shù)才是第一生產(chǎn)力，真理就是真理。

　　Currently, the technology of many gas internal combustion engines is still limited by foreign manufacturers. Once a major malfunction occurs, they must be returned to the factory for maintenance, which greatly affects the normal energy supply of the energy station and also increases the maintenance cost by one level. It seems that domestic units are not making a name for themselves, and no matter how many distributed internal combustion engines are deployed, they are only digging more holes for themselves. Once again, realize that science and technology are the primary productive forces, and truth is truth.

　　燃氣發(fā)電機組，尤其是分布式項目中能夠接觸到的機型，全部是按照連續(xù)運行設(shè)計的，具備24*365運行的能力。機組長期運行中，維護和保養(yǎng)會極大的影響機組的性能。

　　Gas generator sets, especially the models that can be accessed in distributed projects, are all designed for continuous operation and have the ability to operate 24 * 365. During long-term operation of the unit, maintenance and upkeep will greatly affect its performance.

　　小編今天來說一說燃氣機組運維保養(yǎng)方面的基礎(chǔ)知識，由于不準備細化到具體機型，因此本文中所涉及到的數(shù)據(jù)，都是概念性的，相關(guān)的項目也只是常規(guī)性概念，準確的項目和數(shù)據(jù)必須以相關(guān)機型的保養(yǎng)手冊為準。

　　Today, the editor will talk about the basic knowledge of gas turbine operation and maintenance. As we do not intend to delve into specific models, the data involved in this article are conceptual, and the related projects are only routine concepts. Accurate projects and data must be based on the maintenance manual of the relevant type.

　　維護保養(yǎng)的類型：

　　Types of maintenance and upkeep:

　　內(nèi)燃機的保養(yǎng)，大體上可分為兩個大類：周期性的、和運行小時數(shù)無關(guān)的。和運行小時數(shù)無關(guān)的保養(yǎng)包括更換機油、更換各類濾芯；周期性保養(yǎng)包括日常檢查、常規(guī)維保、小修、中修、大修、渦輪增壓器檢修。

　　The maintenance of internal combustion engines can generally be divided into two categories: periodic and independent of operating hours. Maintenance unrelated to operating hours includes changing engine oil and replacing various filter elements; Periodic maintenance includes daily inspections, routine maintenance, minor repairs, medium repairs, major repairs, and turbocharger maintenance.

　　日常檢查對設(shè)備的巡檢，圍繞設(shè)備進行目測檢查，看是否有跑冒滴漏和異常現(xiàn)象，檢查液位、油位，記錄設(shè)備運行參數(shù)。日常檢查的頻率根據(jù)能源站/電廠的制度自定，較為嚴格的電廠要求每小時巡檢。

　　Daily inspection of equipment, visual inspection around the equipment to see if there is any leakage or abnormal phenomenon, checking the liquid level and oil level, and recording the operating parameters of the equipment. The frequency of daily inspections is determined according to the regulations of the energy station/power plant, and stricter power plants require hourly inspections.

　　常規(guī)保養(yǎng)常規(guī)保養(yǎng)通常指的是大家最為熟悉的“換火花塞”級別的保養(yǎng)。其內(nèi)容通常包括更換火花塞、檢查/調(diào)整氣門相關(guān)各項參數(shù)、發(fā)電機加潤滑脂等。

　　Routine maintenance usually refers to the most familiar level of maintenance, such as replacing spark plugs. The content usually includes replacing spark plugs, checking/adjusting various parameters related to valves, and adding lubricating grease to the generator.

　　各機型的常規(guī)保養(yǎng)時間間隔相差較大，有的小機組要求每兩三百小時就要做保養(yǎng)，而一些機型則可以間隔4000小時以上。

　　The regular maintenance intervals vary greatly among different models. Some small units require maintenance every two to three hundred hours, while some models can have intervals of more than 4000 hours.

　　為了提高工作效率，降低停機時間，一些和運行小時數(shù)無關(guān)的保養(yǎng)項目，如換機油，常常會和常規(guī)保養(yǎng)放在同一時間做。

　　In order to improve work efficiency and reduce downtime, some maintenance items unrelated to operating hours, such as oil changes, are often performed at the same time as routine maintenance.

　　小修：小修通常也叫頂修，維修的范圍主要是缸蓋，小修時缸蓋會被拆下，分解開來檢查，通常會更換其中一部分零件，但沒發(fā)現(xiàn)嚴重問題的話不會整體更換。

　　Minor repair: Minor repair is usually called top repair, and the scope of repair is mainly the cylinder head. During minor repair, the cylinder head will be removed and disassembled for inspection. Usually, some parts will be replaced, but if no serious problems are found, it will not be replaced as a whole.

　　中修：中修通常會采用所有氣缸全部整體更換缸蓋的方式進行，同時會對缸套、活塞、連桿、軸瓦等都進行檢查（），如有必要進行更換。

　　Intermediate maintenance: Intermediate maintenance usually involves replacing the cylinder head of all cylinders as a whole, and inspecting the cylinder liner, piston, connecting rod, bearing shell, etc. If necessary, replacement will be carried out.

　　大修：大修在中修的范圍上進一步擴大，包括曲軸、凸輪軸在內(nèi)的幾乎整個發(fā)動機都需要進行檢查，大范圍更換零件?，F(xiàn)場通常不具備大修的工具和條件，需要將發(fā)動機返回原廠，工期至少在一個月以上（不含往返運輸時間）。

　　Major overhaul: Major overhaul further expands the scope of medium overhaul, including almost the entire engine, including the crankshaft and camshaft, requiring inspection and extensive replacement of parts. The site usually does not have the tools and conditions for major repairs, and the engine needs to be returned to the original factory with a construction period of at least one month (excluding round-trip transportation time).

　　雖然各個廠家都給出了大修的時間間隔，但嚴格的來說，這只是個參考時間，大修也應(yīng)該屬于和運行時間無關(guān)的項目。是否需要做大修，需要很多指標綜合來確認，比如最典型的兩項：機油消耗量的增加；曲軸箱竄氣量的增加由于大修工序復(fù)雜，時間長，對項目運營的影響非常大，所以各家主機廠現(xiàn)在都推出了一種替換的大修方案，稱為長缸體置換。

　　Although each manufacturer has provided a time interval for major repairs, strictly speaking, this is only a reference time, and major repairs should also be considered as projects unrelated to operating time. Whether a major overhaul is needed requires a comprehensive analysis of many indicators, such as the most typical two: an increase in oil consumption; The increase in crankcase blow by volume has a significant impact on project operation due to the complex and lengthy overhaul process. Therefore, various major engine manufacturers have now introduced a replacement overhaul plan called long cylinder block replacement.

　　長缸體置換長缸體，實際上是一臺接近完整的發(fā)動機，但不包括泵、閥、控制系統(tǒng)及一些非關(guān)鍵部件如進排氣管道等，在現(xiàn)場可將長缸體和舊機對應(yīng)的部分進行整體置換。有資質(zhì)的維修人員在現(xiàn)場即可完成長缸體置換，時間約7-10天左右。

　　Replacing a long cylinder body with a long cylinder body is actually a nearly complete engine, but does not include pumps, valves, control systems, and some non critical components such as intake and exhaust pipes. On site, the corresponding parts of the long cylinder body and the old engine can be replaced as a whole. Qualified maintenance personnel can complete the replacement of the long cylinder body on site, which takes about 7-10 days.

　　本文由 燃氣發(fā)電機組 友情奉獻.更多有關(guān)的知識請點擊  http://ttyule.net.cn/   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from a gas generator set For more related knowledge, please click http://ttyule.net.cn/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.